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Maclura pomifera

Speak of osage orange, bois-d-arc, hedge apple (and several other names) and you are talking about the same tree.

The tree is usually short, heavily branched, and forms a natural hedge; it has thick bark, high strength (you won't break limbs easily), and thick milky sap, and THORNS. Long, sharp thorns. The wood is very similar in color to mulberry (like a light through a jar of honey) that darkens to a deep golden brown over time. 

The wood is also VERY:

Formerly, two prime uses for the wood were as archery wood (bois-d-arc means "bow-wood") and for the wooden pins that held the glass insulators on utility pole cross arms. For an indicator of durability, consider that cross arms were creosoted and the osage pins were untreated wood -- and the pins normally outlasted the cross arms.

Last time I got an osage orange log to the sawmill, it was an old dead-and-dried-on-the-stump bolt about 16" diameter by 6 feet long. The sawmill was a 54 inch diameter mill with 175 hp diesel motor. The motor stalled and sparks were flying after two boards came off.  If you saw any osage, saw that sucker while it's Fresh Cut!